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The History and Evolution of Valentine's Day: From Lupercalia to a Celebration of Love

  Valentine's Day, celebrated annually on February 14th, has its roots in ancient Rome. The holiday has evolved over time, but its origins can be traced back to the Roman festival of Lupercalia. During this festival, men would draw the names of women from a box, and the couple would be paired for the duration of the festival. In the early 5th century, the Roman Empire was Christianized, and the Church attempted to replace pagan festivals with Christian holidays. The festival of Lupercalia was replaced by the feast of St. Valentine, a Christian martyr. There are various legends associated with St. Valentine, but the most popular one is that he was a priest who performed marriages in secret, defying the emperor's ban on marriages, which he believed would improve the soldiers' fighting abilities. In the 14th and 15th centuries, Valentine's Day became associated with romantic love. The earliest surviving valentine poem was written in 1415 by Charles, Duke of Orleans, to