Dr. Gaurav Jhaa Blogs

  Chemical bonding is the forces that hold atoms or ions together in a molecule or crystal. There are several types of chemical bonds, including covalent, ionic, and metallic bonds. Covalent bonds occur when atoms share electrons to fill their outermost electron shell, called the valence shell. The sharing of electrons and forming a stable, neutral molecule characterize this type of bond. Examples of covalent bonding can be found in molecules such as water (H2O) and methane (CH4). Ionic bonds occur when one atom transfers electrons to another atom, creating ions. This type of bond is characterized by the transfer of electrons and the formation of charged ions, called cations and anions. Examples of ionic bonding can be found in compounds such as sodium chloride (NaCl) and calcium oxide (CaO). Metallic bonds occur in metals, where the valence electrons of the atoms are not closely tied to any one atom, but instead are free to move throughout the solid. This type of bond is char